Day2

Abstract:
Mustard grains are known for centuries as an important commercially condiment in all of the world with a huge variety of use and applications. Our research group has been studying this promising grain to improve its biological properties. To begin, choosing the best solvent combination to recover phenolic compounds with antioxidant activity potential was encouraged. We reported for the first time an optimization study for recovery of phenolic compounds from mustard grains in order to obtain extracts with better antioxidant properties. Continuing studies, germination was chosen as a natural process due the actual tendency to valorize the spontaneous process and knowing that the germination is an efficient and economical process that promotes dynamic and complex positive changes in bioactive compounds and nutritional quality of grains. The main questions raised in our research were: How could we germinate mustard grains since changes during the process are peculiar for each grain? How germination affects the antioxidant potential and phenolic compounds composition? So, the first step was to analyze different germination parameters correlated with antioxidant potential. Also, to better understand those complex transformations, our research group investigate how the variation of free and insoluble-bound phenolics affected the antioxidant properties of mustard grains when submitted to different germination parameters. The identification of the bioactive compounds by chromatography techniques was also important to the final discussion. Given the positive results obtained, we can conclude that germinated mustard grains have the potential for application as a functional and nutraceutical food.

Biography:
Gabriela is a second year PhD student in Food Science at University of Campinas. She receives her master degree in Food Science at the same University (2019) under supervision of Prof. Dr. Ruann Janser Soares de Castro. The title of her research was “Mustard grains as source of compounds with antioxidant properties: a study based on germination, extraction and identification processes”. Since them, her research focus is on mustard grains germination and their biochemical transformations linked to the functional properties. Gabriela graduated in Food Science at University of São Paulo in 2016 with an exchange period of 11 months in France, Bordeaux at Bordeaux Science Agro with an internship at Science Institute of Vine and Wine (Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin) for 8 weeks.

Abstract:
Enzymatic reactions refer to organic reactions catalyzed by enzymes. This review aims to enrich the documentation relative to enzymatic reactions occurring during the anaerobic degradation of residual organic substances with emphasis on the structures of organic compounds and reaction mechanisms. This allows to understand the displacement of electrons between electron-rich and electron-poor entities to form new bonds in products. The detailed mechanisms of enzymatic reactions relative to the production of biomethane have not yet been reviewed in the scientific literature. Hence, this review is novel and timely as it discusses the chemical behavior or the reactivity of different functional groups, thereby allowing to better understand the enzymatic catalysis in the transformations of residual proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids into biomethane and fertilizers. Such understanding allows to improve the overall biomethanation efficiency in industrial applications.

Biography:
Topwe Mwene-Mbeja currently works as a professor of organic chemistry at the Department of chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Lubumbashi, D. R. Congo. He received Ph.D. in Organic chemistry at Laval University, Quebec, Canada. He is a member of the association of graduates of Laval University. He is also a member of University of Manitoba Alumni Association, Manitoba, Canada, and a Representative of Lubumbashi University to Canadian Universities. His a researcher at Hydro-Quebec Institute in environment, development and society of the Laval University, Quebec, Canada. Topwe Mwene-Mbeja does research in Medicinal Chemistry, Organometallic Chemistry and Organic Chemistry. His group is interested in the discovery of biologically active natural products possessing properties against cancer. His group is also interested in green chemistry projects related to the prevention of pollution of the environment and sustainable development.

Abstract:

Analytical methods that can offer fast, cost-effective and reliable food authenticity testing at several points in the food production and retail chain are urgently requested. Targeted methods still have much to offer but it is increasingly acknowledged that food is a complex matrix and should thus be treated and analyzed by techniques that can embrace this complexity. The use of non-targeted analytical methods in food authentication has therefore rapidly increased during the past decade.
The increasing use of non-targeted analyses across several scientific disciplines has brought together a mixture of analytical traditions and terminologies and terms such as profiling, signature, fingerprinting, analytical marker etc. are inconsistently used. Consequently, the scientific literature on food authentication often includes different approaches and a variety of definitions and nomenclature for both targeted and non-targeted analysis.
While non-targeted fingerprinting methods are still taking the initial steps into the food authenticity community much more work is required to validate and harmonize these methods and the associated data. An essential prerequisite is a common understanding of the analytical principles of targeted versus non-targeted food authentications. Novel definitions and nomenclature of targeted and non-targeted authentication methods will be proposed. Biological, chemical, and microscopy-based examples of targeted and non-targeted approaches will be presented while discussing the associated possibilities and limitations for analytical food authentication.

Biography:

Nicolai Z. Ballin has a PhD in meat and dairy authentication from the University of Copenhagen. He has nearly 20 years of experience from both official control at the Danish Veterinary and Food Administration and research at the European Commission´s research centre (JRC). He is experienced in developing and validating a diverse range of chemical and molecular biology methods for food authentication, and has been responsible for reporting of a large range of official results. Through his involvement in several food fraud cases he has gained an understanding of how food fraud is officially tackled in Europe. More recently he has been interested in the definitions and nomenclature of targeted and non-targeted analytical approaches across the different scientific disciplines.

Abstract:

Background: To evaluate the accuracy of body fat percentage (BF%) estimates from a portable, non -traumatizing ultrasound device compared to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) the reference technique.
Subjects: A total of 63 healthy men aged from 18 to 60 years participated. The patients were recruited according to a wide range of body mass index (BMI) and consequently of total fat mass. We also selected 100 athletes aged from 18 to 30 years from the French National Institute of Sports and Physical Education: 16 boxers, 4 rowers, 5 gymnasts, 6 base ball players, 19 judo players, 10 taekwondo, 7 basketball players, 21 wrestlers, 6 cyclists on track and 6 karate expert.
Methods: Ultrasound measurement (UT) were made with a sonographic US BOX in A-mode from Lecoeur Electronic Co.(Chuelles, France). We selected two preferred anatomical areas: the intra abdominal area which is often associated with metabolic risk factor and the mid- thigh area. Subcutaneous fat was located in a horizontal plane with approximately 45° axis vertebral at umbilical level and at the middle of the knee and the top thigh on anterior side.
BF(kg) and BF% measurements were obtained using a Hologic QDR-4500W (version 11.25; Hologic Bedford, Mass. USA) for the total sample. The DXA technique, which scans the whole body with an X-ray beam at two energy levels (70 and 100 Kev) is a reference method for measurement of fat mass, lean mass and mineral content. e subject lies in a supine position for 7 minutes and radiation exposure is very low.
Results:
The multiple linear regression to produce BF (kg) estimate with ultrasound dimensions on sedentary male is:
BF(kg) estimate = 0.708 BMI + 0.259 WC + 0.108 UTumb – 31.7

R² = 0.97, SEE = 1.7 kg
with BMI = Weight/Height (kg/m²) UTumb: umbilical thickness of fat (left + right)/2 side (mm); WC: waist circumference (cm).
The simplest model including BMI explained 90% of the variation of BF. Adding BMI and waist circumference in the model significantly increased the R² from 90 to 94% and decreased

SEE from 3.1 to 2.4. Moreover addition of ultrasonic measurement at umbilical level significantly increased the R² from 0.94 to 0.97 (P<0.01). The multiple linear regression equation to produce BF estimate with anthropometry and ultrasonic measurements on male athletes is: BF (kg) estimate = -4.99 BMI +0.109 BMI² +0.154 WC +0.627 UTmid-thigh + 46.19 with a concordance correlation of c =0.931. Pearson correlation R²=0.87 and SEE=1.6 kg. Predict BF% = 100 BF(kg) estimated ./ Body mass (kg). A cross-validation study was then performed with this linear regression on 62 male athletes proportionally stratified across the sports. The concordance correlation c =0.931 and SEE=1.61 kg. Conclusions: The use of an ultrasound portable device associated with anthropometric measurements allowed us to estimate %BF with a high level of accuracy according to the reference DXA. This ultrasonic technique can be used in sedentary subjects as well as high level sportsmen.

Abstract:

Current studies on sustainability transitions of the food system (FS) are limited. The tools for assessing FS sustainability and enhancing FS performance are still lacking, highlighting the critical role of developing an assessment indicator framework for assisting sustainable FS transitions. This study seeks opportunities for optimizing existing FS frameworks that address the triple burden of malnutrition and FS sustainability. It ex- amines FS frameworks and other food system-related frameworks such as those linked to food security, food sovereignty, and so on, unveiling the general limitations of current approaches and methodologies in FS frameworks and other related frameworks. To our knowledge, it is the first study to discuss the gaps of FS frameworks regarding their coverage on the food lifecycle and their representation of FS’s multidimensionality. The results indicate that most FS frameworks and related frameworks are conceptual. The most frequent limi- tations are no targeting audience, no coverage of the food disposal stage, and no institutional/political dimen- sion/indicators. Some frameworks have no multi-stakeholder inputs, no coverage of food input and/or food storage stages, no economic or nutritional dimension/indicators, while only a few frameworks involve statistical/ empirical methods or quantitative indicators. Other limitations regarding language, data, and time are also identified. Finally, this study suggests developing a comprehensive multi-dimensional urban food system framework considering the full life cycle of food and combining FS-related perspectives with the five dimensions of environmental, economic, institutional, socio-cultural, and nutritional sustainability to mitigate the lifecycle and sustainability dimension issues and gaps.

Biography:

Tong Zou is a PhD student of the Sustainable Built Environment Research Group at the University of Nottingham Ningbo China. Tong holds a B.Sc. with honours in Integrated Science, minor in Statistics, minor in Technology, Society and Environmental Studies from Carleton University, Canada. In respond to global water crisis, she developed a model prototype of the proposed integrated radiative air well by applying the bio-mimicry features of the Namibia Beetle (Stenocara gracilipes) for her honour’s thesis. Tong is graduated from University of New South Wales with a M.Sc. in Environmental Management. During her postgraduate study, she worked on the project “Urban Metabolism and the Urban Metabolism-Urban Sustainability-Smart Cities Nexus”. During her gap year, Tong Zou worked as a research internship at the Centre of Air pollution energy and the health Research (CAR), Australia; a project assistant of the International Cooperation Centre of Ecology and Environment of Sichuan Province, China; an ecology and environment technological assistant of Sichuan Investment Evaluation and Performance Appraisal Centre of Ecology and Environment, China. Currently, Tong works on the research project on ‘A framework for enhancing urban food system sustainability in smart resilient cities in China’.

Abstract:

Numerous liposoluble components have exhibited excellent bioactivities including antioxidant, anti-cancer, anti-inflammation and anti-aging etc.. However, their bioavailability remains rather limited due to their poor stability and solubility, which is calling for sophisticated design of lipophilic nanocarriers and healthier foods. The distribution and stabilization of lipids in food systems, in specific factors including the matrix composition and structure, the dispersibility of lipid fraction, the oil/water interfaces, the interaction between fat particles with matrix, as well as the molecular digestibility of fat and nonfat components significantly affect the food digestion process and lipolysis kinetics, which further determines the gastrointestinal fate of liposoluble nutrients by affecting their molecular stability, colloidal stability, releasing kinetics and absorption rate. The efficacy of new delivery approaches and lipophilic noncarriers was evaluated based on the latest research regarding how to enhance the absorption and bioavailability of liposoluble nutrients.

Biography:

Min Chen works as an asistant professor located at Colledge of Food Science and Engineering in QAU since Dec. 2019. Her research is mainly focused on food colloidal and interfacial structures in relation to the gastrointestinal fate and bioavaibility of food nutrients. She did her PhD in Wageningen University (2012-2016), mainly working on liquid foams and films of casein micelle dispersions. Afterwards, she continuted with a postdoc project on oil/water interfaces of biomimetic milk fat globules. You can reach her via email 201901260@qau.edu.cn, phone number 15263043871 or postal address (No.700, Changcheng Road, Chengyang district, Qingdao, China).

Abstract:

The study area located at Zawita location, Duhok province, Kurdistan region, Iraq. Five pedons were digging on catena depending on the slope degree and slope aspects. Samples were air-dried, ground, and sieved using (2) mm sieve, in order to be used for physicochemical analysis. The soil texture varied from clay loam to sandy loam in the surface horizons of all pedons and became finer from the summit to foot slope in the south aspect, in contrast at the north aspect soil texture became coarser from the summit to foot slope). Study soils were less development and less differentiation of soil horizons in pedons at the summit and back slope in contrast to it at the foot slope of catena and were slightly alkaline nonsaline soils. Soil organic matter in the north aspect was more than it in the south aspect. CEC in all horizons for pedon (1) at the summit was high value when compared with it for pedons at the back slope and foot slope. Studied soils consider as calcareous that have a high content of carbonate minerals as a result of the calcification pedogenic process in turn these soils have a high buffering capacity. Total carbonate at the summit, was less amount, in the surface horizon (Ah) then was gradually increased in the subsurface horizon (Bc) after that uniformity increased of carbonate distribution in soil horizons (C1st) and (C2k), whereas was decreased in surface horizons at the back slope at both aspects but in north aspect was less than it at south aspect. In surface horizons, at foot slope in both directions, total carbonate was decreased, whereas the vertical distribution indicated increasing it towards deep horizons of pedons at foot slope. Iron oxides in soil samples were fluctuated between increase and decrease with the exception of pedon (4) at the back slope in the south aspect. Part of the iron oxides was translocation downslope with runoff water and adds it to iron oxides at the foot slope and a considerable amount of it was present in the study location that is causing the change in soil color.

Abstract:

Wine is frequently reported as one of the most adulterated agro-food products worldwide. Among the traceability methods available, DNA is of particular interest providing the possibility to recognize uniquely the wine production cultivar/cultivars. Several studies carried out in controlled conditions (laboratory level or small production wineries) support the use of DNA in wine traceability, but the situation can change completely when moving from controlled to uncontrolled realities. In the present study, the entire production chain, in a large cooperative Italian winery, was followed, for a monovarietal (Pinot noir PDO) and a polyvarietal (Rosso Oltrepò TGI) production. Results support the feasibility of DNA traceability from grape delivering to the whole fermentation process and through the most common oenological operations as racking and filtration. The application of most aggressive methods (as the thermovinification process) can increase DNA degradation reducing but not hampering the possibility to apply DNA for traceability purposes. A different situation concerns the storage of wine in tanks, despite the controlled temperature and light conditions, or in bottles where DNA degradation continues strongly influencing the possibility to apply traceability.

Biography:

Matteo Busconi, is associate professor of Agricultural Genetics and Ph.D. in molecular biotechnology at the Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore. He is lecturer, in the same University, for the courses of: Plant Physiology and Genetics; Vegetable Production and Technology; Plant Derived Products; Plant Genomics for Sustainable Agriculture and Grape and Wine Biotechnology. His research activity is mainly based on plant biodiversity, DNA analysis and DNA based traceability along the Agro-food chain. He is the author of over 60 publications in national and international scientific journals and in proceedings of national and international conferences.

Abstract:

Fresh meat accounts for about 80% of China’s meat consumption. In recent years, affected by African swine fever and other epidemics, fresh meat transportation instead of living animal transportation has become an inevitable choice for the industry. Chilling is an essential process of fresh meat processing. Traditional chilling method takes longer time and cannot guarantee the meat quality before rigor mortis. As a fast chilling technology, very fast chilling can rapidly reduce the central temperature of the meat to −1 °C within 5 h postmortem, but its effect on the quality of fresh meat is unclear. We conducted the experiment to investigate the effect of very fast chilling technology on rigor mortis, freshness, and microbial community composition of meat. The study showed that very fast chilling can effectively inhibit the occurrence of rigor mortis, significantly reduced the total viable counts on the surface of carcasses and the counts of Corynebacterium and Psychrotrophs, as well as the content of total volatile basic nitrogen and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, thus the shelf life was extended. The above results provided the basis for the application of very fast chilling technology and offered technical support for fresh meat transportation.

Biography:

Chengli Hou PhD, Associate Professor, engaged in research on intelligent logistics and fresh meat preservation. The main research areas include: Mechanism of preservation and losses control of fresh meat; Develop new technologies for chilling, ice temperature/super ice temperature storage, active packaging, and logistics.

Abstract:

Salad dressing is traditionally used as a seasoning to enhance the appetite of consumers due to its creamy mouthfeel and special flavour. Consumers are aware about the cholesterol level in egg yolk and fat’s type applied in dressing products. The aim of this study was to produce low fat and eggless salad dressing with virgin coconut oil (VCO). Hydrocolloids included xanthan gum and modified starch were use as independent variables by response surface methodology (RSM) in order to evaluate its impacts on the viscosity, stability, and firmness of the salad dressing. The findings showed that optimum values for the hydrocolloids of xanthan gum and modified starch were 1.56% and 0.10%, respectively and the optimum experimental values were stability 0.33%, texture 1506.5 g, and viscosity 162.25 mpas. The predicted and experimental data of this optimized formulation had no significant (p>0.05) differences which indicated the desired results from this study. The proximate analysis of the optimized formulation were moisture content 47.91, ash 1.91, fibre 1.57, fat 21.97, protein 1.66, carbohydrate 24.98, and caloric values 296.29. The findings of this study were similar to the commercial products which suggested high potential for using optimum values for the hydrocolloids of xanthan gum and modified starch as egg replacer and VCO in salad dressing to improve the quality and the biological functions of the product.

Biography:

Nameer Khairullah Mohammed is assistant professor in Food Science & Technology with over 10 years of experience in food science in addition to food technology and food biochemistry. He formerly worked in Tikrit university, Iraq as lecturer. After graduated from the University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Malaysia in 2018, he specialized in Food Technology in Iraq. He also holds an assistant professor from Tikrit University. His main research areas are oil extractions, microencapsultion, nanoemulsions, and dairy technology. He is author of over 25 peer-reviewed publications and many book chapters and international conferences.

Abstract:

One of the main causes of cherry tomato postharvest loss are diseases caused by food-contaminating fungi. Currently, the use of fungicides is the main strategy to control the contamination caused by different types of fungi, but these treatments can cause side effects such as environmental contamination, impacts on human health, and the development of resistance by pathogenic strains, which have generated the need to develop new alternatives to replace the use of synthetic chemicals. Edible coatings (ECs) can preserve the quality of this crop and can serve as carriers of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which have demonstrated inhibitory potential against phytopathogenic fungi. The effectiveness of the LAB strain Lactiplantibacillus plantarum A6 incorporated into an EC based on exopolysaccharide from Weissella confusa JCA4 on the physicochemical and microbiological quality of cherry tomato was evaluated.The fruit were artificially inoculated with the fungi Aspergillus niger, Fusarium sp., and Rhizopus stolonifer to test the antifungal potential of the coating. The physicochemical and microbiological quality of cherry tomato was studied at two storage temperatures to calculate its shelf life.
L. plantarum A6 remained viable both in the solution and on the surface of the fruit after coating, protecting the fruit against two of the three evaluated fungi (Fusarium sp. and Rhizopus stolonifer). The EC controlled weight loss, maintained firmness, and slowed the respiration rate of cherry tomato; the other physicochemical properties and the appearance of the fruit were not negatively affected. EPS composite coating containing L. plantarum A6 as antifungal agent could be a promising industrial treatment to control fungal deterioration and maintain the postharvest quality of tomatoes.

Biography:

Food scientist and engineering degree from Universidad del Valle, Cali – Colombia. He has research experience in applied food research, food microbiology, liquid and solid state fermentation, management of microorganisms for commercial use, flavor and fragrance biotechnology. His main investigation topic is the postharvest technology and decay control of fruits and vegetables with the use of lactic acid bacteria. Currently, he is a research team member engineer of flavor and fragance biotechnology at La Tour S.A. He has participated as ponent in different conferences in food science and flavor technology, and with poster presentations. He has published in food microbiology and food science and technology journals.

Abstract:

This study aims to apply a current progress on the construction and sense of carbon paste sensors based on carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/ TiO2 nanocomposite for verapamil hydrochloride determination. The role affecting the behavior of ionophore, lipophilic anionic additive as well as plasticizer is discussed carefully. The developed sensors were abbreviated as β-CDCPE and VER-PTCPE. These sensors exhibited excellent Nernstian behavior with linear dynamic ranges of 6.2 × 10-7 – 1.0 × 10-2 and 7.4 × 10-7 – 1.0 × 10-2 mol L-1, detection limits 2.0 × 10-7 and 3.5 × 10-7 mol L-1 and quantification limits 6.6 × 10-7 and 1.1 × 10-6 mol L-1 for β-CDCPE and VER-PTCPE, respectively. The investigated sensors showed adequate selectivity toward the target ion against some inorganic cations, neutral species and Diltiazem hydrochloride (drug with similar structure). The proposed potentiometric sensors were successfully performed for drug determination in pharmaceutical products, spiked surface water and human urine samples with good recovery data (98.46 and 99.06) for β-CDCPE and VER-PTCPE, respectively.

Biography:

I received my BSc, MSc and Ph. D degrees in Analytical Chemistry from Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Egypt. My research is focused on ion-selective electrodes for drug determination and effect of nanomaterials on potentiometric sensors. I am preparing sensors for determination of inorganic compounds in variety real samples as a simple , sensitive, selective and low cost method.

Abstract:

Fish is an important source of high-quality; readily digested protein in the human diet, a rich source of minerals and vitamins, and it contains lipids that are recognized as having high nutritional value. Tilapia has become the most popular aquaculture product in the world; with the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) considered the most desirable species. The fatty acid (FA) composition of freshwater fish is characterized by high levels of n-6 PUFAs, mainly linoleic acid (C18:2n-6). In contrast, marine plankton and the fish that feed on them present low levels of n-6 PUFAs and a predominance of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6n-3). Marine fish oil is rich in n-3 long-chain PUFAs (LC-PUFAs). Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are biologically important compounds that confer protection against diseases, including cardiovascular diseases and rheumatoid arthritis. They also display anticarcinogenic properties and support the immune system and brain functions. Dietary supplementation with marine fish oil tends to increase the concentration of n-3 LC-PUFAs in the muscular tissue of the freshwater fish. An increase in levels of the n-3 series of FAs was observed in tilapia fillets that were supplemented. Modern human diets have ratios of n-6/n-3 ranging from 15:1 to 20:1, in contrast to an ideal range of 1:1 to 4:1. The high concentration of EPA and DHA in the fish oil was reflected in nutritionally satisfactory ratios of n-6/n-3 in tilapia fillets. Using a good marketing strategy it is possible to add economic value to the fillet making improved profitability.

Biography:

Graduated in Veterinary Medicine from the Federal University of Minas Gerais (1989), Master in Veterinary Medicine from the Federal University of Minas Gerais (1993) and doctorate in Food Science from the State University of Campinas (2004). He is currently an associate professor at the Federal University of Goias. He has experience in the Inspection and Technology of Meat and Meat Products and Food Science and Technology, with an emphasis on Evaluation and Quality Control of Meat and Meat Products, acting mainly on the following topics: natural antioxidants and fatty acids in meat.

Abstract:

Food supply chains in North America have become remarkably efficient, supplying an unprecedented variety of items at a low cost. The initial stages of the COVID-19 pandemic and the severe restrictions on dining outside the home exposed the risk of a system that assumes predictable sales and highly reliable transportation systems. Despite early fears and disruptions, the food sector, from farm to retailer, has proven to be quite resilient in total, although there is a huge range of impacts on specific businesses. In the main, agricultural production for major commodities continued uninterrupted. Food processors maintained their output and adapted to a very different distribution opportunity. Consumers had no problem finding food, although there may have been disruptions in certain items at any point in time. A common theme in assessing the impacts across the six major food categories that were examined is the growing importance of understanding the whole supply chain. An important but as yet unresolved question is whether the pandemic experience results in a fundamental reassessment of supply chain vulnerabilities and risks that will cause changes in operating practices and strategies. Enhanced and more aggressive protocols related to worker health seem most likely. Insofar as current systems have tended toward a rather high degree of specialization in production and sales, another example might be greater consolidation of firms, diversification of products, and a greater diversity of customers. At the end of the supply chain there are questions about lasting changes in consumer food buying behavior, including more online shopping for basic foods, meal kits, or prepared meals. There might also be heightened interest in shorter supply chains and more local food systems. It is too early to safely anticipate the answers to these questions, but industry surveys and past behavior would suggest that this experience will have some lasting effects and consumer responses will be especially important in driving behavior.

Biography:

Andrew Novakovic served on the faculty of the Dyson School of Applied Economics and Management at Cornell University for 42, until his retirement in 2020. His primary interest has been dairy markets and policy, but he also is broadly interested in agricultural and food policy. Although officially retired, Dr. Novakovic maintains professional activity in teaching, public outreach and scholarship related to his field of expertise. He is an active participant in the International Dairy Federation and currently serves as an elected member of its Scientific and Programme Coordination Committee.

Abstract:

Mustard grains are known for centuries as an important commercially condiment in all of the world with a huge variety of use and applications. Our research group has been studying this promising grain to improve its biological properties. To begin, choosing the best solvent combination to recover phenolic compounds with antioxidant activity potential was encouraged. We reported for the first time an optimization study for recovery of phenolic compounds from mustard grains in order to obtain extracts with better antioxidant properties. Continuing studies, germination was chosen as a natural process due the actual tendency to valorize the spontaneous process and knowing that the germination is an efficient and economical process that promotes dynamic and complex positive changes in bioactive compounds and nutritional quality of grains. The main questions raised in our research were: How could we germinate mustard grains since changes during the process are peculiar for each grain? How germination affects the antioxidant potential and phenolic compounds composition? So, the first step was to analyze different germination parameters correlated with antioxidant potential. Also, to better understand those complex transformations, our research group investigate how the variation of free and insoluble-bound phenolics affected the antioxidant properties of mustard grains when submitted to different germination parameters. The identification of the bioactive compounds by chromatography techniques was also important to the final discussion. Given the positive results obtained, we can conclude that germinated mustard grains have the potential for application as a functional and nutraceutical food.

Biography:

Gabriela is a second year PhD student in Food Science at University of Campinas. She receives her master degree in Food Science at the same University (2019) under supervision of Prof. Dr. Ruann Janser Soares de Castro. The title of her research was “Mustard grains as source of compounds with antioxidant properties: a study based on germination, extraction and identification processes”. Since them, her research focus is on mustard grains germination and their biochemical transformations linked to the functional properties. Gabriela graduated in Food Science at University of São Paulo in 2016 with an exchange period of 11 months in France, Bordeaux at Bordeaux Science Agro with an internship at Science Institute of Vine and Wine (Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin) for 8 weeks.

Abstract:

Milk-derived bioactive peptides can improve the treatment of many diseases, behaving as antihypertensive, antimicrobic and antioxidant agents. This study was focused on new peptides evaluated for their antioxidant properties and mechanism of action cell enviroment. Peptide enriched fractions were extracted from fermented milk and purified in order to obtain the sequence of the included bioactive peptides. Twenty-three new peptides were identified and synthesized by solid phase procedure. Their antioxidant properties were analysed in vitro and in a cellular model using Caco-2 cells. Among these peptides, N-15-M, E-11-F, Q-14-R and A-17-E were selected in order to estimate their antioxidant capacity on Caco-2 cells both as protection against oxidative stress and inhibition of ROS production induced by TbOOH. In order to understand the possible action of the peptides on Keap1-Nrf2 pathway, which is involved in the response to oxidative stress, the translocation of Nrf2 from cytosol to the nucleus was taken into account. N-15-M, Q-14-R and A17-E were able to activate the Keap1-Nrf2 system, as shown by the higher amount of Nrf2 found in the nucleus with respect to the control. This modulation led to overexpression and increase of activity of antioxidant enzymes such as TrxR1, GR, NQO1 and SOD1. The interaction of these peptides with Keap1 was also studied through molecular docking analysis. The results confirmed that N-15-M, Q14-R and A-17-E interact with the residues of the Keap1 pocket involved in the binding with Nrf2, acting as disruptor of Keap1-Nrf2 interaction.

Biography:

Federica Tonolo received her master degree summa cum laude in Sanitary Biology in 2016 at University of Padova, Italy. In 2016, she won a European fellowship as part of an FSE project at University of Padova under the supervision of Prof. Maria Pia Rigobello. Currently, she is a third year PhD student in Biomedical Sciences at University of Padova in the same lab. Her major field of interest is related to the antioxidant bioactive peptides derived from food matrices, in particular milk and soy. Up to now (Jan 08, 2020) the scientific production includes 15 publications divided into 8 full papers and 6 meeting communications

Abstract:

Enzymatic reactions refer to organic reactions catalyzed by enzymes. This review aims to enrich the documentation relative to enzymatic reactions occurring during the anaerobic degradation of residual organic substances with emphasis on the structures of organic compounds and reaction mechanisms. This allows to understand the displacement of electrons between electron-rich and electron-poor entities to form new bonds in products. The detailed mechanisms of enzymatic reactions relative to the production of biomethane have not yet been reviewed in the scientific literature. Hence, this review is novel and timely as it discusses the chemical behavior or the reactivity of different functional groups, thereby allowing to better understand the enzymatic catalysis in the transformations of residual proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids into biomethane and fertilizers. Such understanding allows to improve the overall biomethanation efficiency in industrial applications.

Biography:

Topwe Mwene-Mbeja currently works as a professor of organic chemistry at the Department of chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Lubumbashi, D. R. Congo. He received Ph.D. in Organic chemistry at Laval University, Quebec, Canada. He is a member of the association of graduates of Laval University. He is also a member of University of Manitoba Alumni Association, Manitoba, Canada, and a Representative of Lubumbashi University to Canadian Universities. His a researcher at Hydro-Quebec Institute in environment, development and society of the Laval University, Quebec, Canada. Topwe Mwene-Mbeja does research in Medicinal Chemistry, Organometallic Chemistry and Organic Chemistry. His group is interested in the discovery of biologically active natural products possessing properties against cancer. His group is also interested in green chemistry projects related to the prevention of pollution of the environment and sustainable development.

Abstract:

Obesity (OB), considered as one of the Non-Transmissible Chronic Diseases, has as its fundamental characteristics that of being prevalent at a global level, increasing in number, affecting developed and developing countries, affecting both genders, and all ages and social groups.
Objective: To identify if high birth weight is a predictive factor (risk factor) for abdominal obesity in children 7 to 11 years old, and its relationship to gender, age and diet. Method: A case-control descriptive study was carried out with children born between January 1992 and December 1995, in order to identify early risk factors (atherosclerotic accelerators) such as abdominal obesity in children aged 7 to 11, and who have a history of macrosomia or high birth weight, as well as their relationship with gender, age and diet.
Results: It was observed that the waist/height value was normal in 60.8% of the study group and in 64.00% in the control group. The difference between groups, gender, and age was not significant (P=.6859). As regards the diet in the study group (macrosomic), there was no significant association between the type of diet and waist circumference/height values, with an_ 2=0.223 and P=.6373 (not significant). In the control group (with normal weight at birth), it was found that there is a significant statistical association between the type of diet and waist circumference/height values. This means that it can be stated, with 95% reliability, that the type of diet is associated with waist/height values.
Conclusions: High birth weight is not a predictive factor (risk factor) for abdominal obesity (increased waist/height index). Gender and age are independent for abdominal obesity (macrosomic and normal weight at birth). The diet in high birth weight children is not related to the index waist-height index, which is not the case in those born with normal weight under the same conditions. The marked increase in abdominal obesity (Waist/height index) in children between 7 and 11 years old in both groups is worrying.

Biography:

Nuris Rodriguez Vargas is a Master in Comprehensive Child Care,Professor at the Medical University of Havana-Cuba, Consultant Professor of the Medical University of Havana-Cuba,Researcher on atherosclerotic risk factors(atherosclerotic accelerators) in children with high birth weight.
I have multiple research published in Cuba, Spain, Barcelona in the ELSEVIER Editorial, among others. For more than 15 years I have been dedicated to this line of Research, having won an award in the forum of Science and Technology in my Country, in addition to presenting work and Conference in other countries such as Rome, Dominican Republic .

Abstract:

Brucellosis is one of the most common zoonoses, which affects multiple species. Brucella suis is responsible for a substantial proportion of infections in humans. The B. suis biovar 1 infection in cattle is an emerging veterinary an public health problem. Little is known about the presence of B. suis in wild fauna. In Argentina seroprevalence of Brucella sp was reported in fox (Lycalopex gymnocercus), wild boar (Sus scrofa), European hare (Lepus europaeus), armadillos (Chaetophractus villosus) in Buenos Aires, La Pampa and Patagonia province. Brucella suis biotype 1 was isolated from hare in Buenos Aires and La Pampa. It has also been isolated from armadillos in La Pampa. Hares infected with B. suis biovar 1 exhibited typical lesions of the disease. Nevertheless armadillos have not macroscopically observable lesions. However, histology revealed small internal abscesses (1 mm) in the parenchyma of liver and spleen. Under experimental conditions Brucella was isolated from the spleen, liver, mesenteric lymph node, uterus, urine and testicles samples. In Argentina, as in many countries, there are an underestimation and a sub notification of human cases of brucellosis. From 2009 to 2011, 1040 sera from human resulted positive by serology to brucellosis. Blood cultures were perform in some patients, being able to isolate B. suis biovar 1 in 53% of them and B. abortus in 27%. Although the source of infection is unknown in all of these cases. In rural areas armadillos and hare are hunted and consumed, by humans. However until now it is not available evidence indicating that armadillos and hare can transmit brucellosis to domestic animals, humans or other wildlife by direct contact The route of transmission to humans could be the ingestion of contaminated food, products or undercooked meat or by manipulating these animals at the time of extracting their skin and offal. Only careful and systematic monitoring will help to know the impact of wild animals on the transmission of this zoonotic disease.

Biography:

Marta Susana Kin is Deputy Professor and assistant Professor of the Department of Biology and the Department of Natural Resources of the Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences of the National University of La Pampa (UNLPam), Argentina. He graduated in Biological Sciences from the National University of La Pampa in 1988, and has a PhD in Biology with an outstanding degree from the National University of the South (UNS) – Argentina, in 2015. He has completed an internship at the University of Malaga, Spain. In the research field, his studies focus on the field of zoonotic diseases in wild animals and the taphonomic analysis of vertebrates among others. He has published 29 research articles and participated in conferences and congresses with about 100 abstracts presented. Among other activities she has been advisor in many Thesis and served as a jury in different academic postulations, as well as she has been part of the Evaluation Committee thesis at UNLPam. She has also participated in numerous research projects as a participant, co-director and director